ASPEN关于反应器的设计

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反应器设计方案

INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................................................3
What is a Process Flowsheet.....................................................................................................................................3
Advantages of using a process flowsheet simulator..............................................................................................3
Disadvantages of using a process flowsheet simulator........................................................................................3
History...........................................................................................................................................................................3
Aspen PlusÔ at The University of Michigan..........................................................................................................4
INTERFACE BASICS........................................................................................................................................................5
REACTOR MODELS ........................................................................................................................................................8
EXAMPLE PROBLEM - PYROLYSIS OF BENZENE ..........................................................................................9
Additional data...........................................................................................................................................................10
Exercise.......................................................................................................................................................................11
TUTORIAL .........................................................................................................................................................................12
Flowsheet....................................................................................................................................................................12
Components input forms...........................................................................................................................................18
Setup input form.........................................................................................................................................................21
Properties input forms..............................................................................................................................................24
Streams input forms...................................................................................................................................................25
Blocks input forms.....................................................................................................................................................26
Reactions input forms ...............................................................................................................................................30
Control Panel.............................................................................................................................................................38
Results.........................................................................................................................................................................39

Introduction
What is a Process Flowsheet
Process flowsheet can simply be defined as a blue print of a plant or part of it. It
identifies all feed streams, unit operations, streams that inter-connect the unit
operations and finally the product streams. Operating conditions and other technical
details are included depending on the detail level of the flowsheet. The level can vary
from a rough sketch to a very detailed design specification of a complex plant.
For steady-state operation, any process flowsheet leads to a finite set of algebraic
equations. For a case where we have only one reactor with appropriate feed and
product streams the number of equations may be manageable by manual handcalculations or simple computer applications. However, as the complexity of a flowsheet
increases and when distillation columns, heat exchangers, absorbers with many purge
and recycle streams come into the picture the number of equations easily approach
many ten thousands. In these cases, solving the set of algebraic equations becomes a
challenge in itself. However, there are computer applications called process flowsheet
simulators specialized in solving these kinds of large equation sets. Some well known
process flowsheet simulators are Aspen PlusÔ, ChemCadÔ and PRO/IIÔ. These
products have highly refined user interfaces and on-line component databases. They
are used in real world applications from interpreting laboratory scale data to monitoring
a full scale plant.
Advantages of using a process flowsheet simulator
The use of a process flowsheet simulator is beneficial in all the three stages of a
plant: research & development, design and production. In research & development they
help to cut down on laboratory experiments and pilot plant runs. In design stage they
enable a speedier development with simpler comparisons of various alternatives.
Finally, in the production stage they can be used for risk-free analysis of various what-if
scenarios.
Disadvantages of using a process flowsheet simulator
Manual solution of a problem usually forces someone to think deeper on the
problem, find novel approaches to solve it, and evaluate and reevaluate the
assumptions closer. A drawback of process flowsheet simulators may be cited as the
lack of this detailed interaction with the problem. This might act as a double edged
sword. On one side it hides the complexities of a problem so you can concentrate on
the real issues at hand. On the other side this hiding may also hide some important
understanding of the problem as well.
History
In 1970s the researchers at MIT’s Energy Laboratory developed a prototype for
process simulation. They called it Advanced System for Process Engineering (ASPEN).
This software has been commercialized in 1980’s by the foundation of a company
named AspenTech. AspenTech is now a publicly traded company that employs 1800