SAE J1401

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Copyright 1999 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
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SURFACE
VEHICLE
400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001
STANDARD
Submitted for recognition as an American National Standard
J1401
REV.
SEP1999
Issued 1942-01
Revised 1999-09
Superseding J1401 JUN94
(R) Road Vehicle—Hydraulic Brake Hose Assemblies for Use With
Nonpetroleum-Base Hydraulic Fluids
Foreword—This Document has also changed to comply with the new SAE Technical Standards Board format.
Definitions have changed to Section 3.  All other section numbers have changed accordingly.
1. Scope—This SAE Standard specifies the performance tests and requirements for hydraulic brake hose
assemblies used in the hydraulic braking system of a road vehicle.  It also specifies the methods used for
identification of the hose manufacturer.
This document applies to brake hose assemblies made of a hose fabricated from yarn and natural or synthetic
elastomers and assembled with metal end fittings for use with nonpetroleum-base brake fluids as specified in
SAE J1703 and SAE J1705.
The nominal internal diameter of the brake hose shall fall within one of the following values:
a. 3.5 mm or less (1/8 in or less)
b. 4 to 5 mm (3/16 in)
2. References
2.1 Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified
herein.  Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.
2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
SAE J1703—Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid
SAE J1705—Low Water Tolerant Brake Fluids
2.1.2 ASTM PUBLICATION—Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
ASTM B 117—Method of Salt Spray (Fog) Testing
2.1.3 ISO PUBLICATION—Available from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.
ISO R147—Load calibration of testing machines for tensile testing of steelSAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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2.2 Related Publications—The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a
required part of this document.
2.2.1 SAE PUBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
SAE J1288—Packaging, Storage, and Shelf Life of Hydraulic Brake Hose Assemblies
SAE J1406—Application of Hydraulic Brake Hose to Motor Vehicles
2.2.2 ISO PUBLICATION—Available from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.
ISO 3996—Hydraulic brake hose assemblies—Non-Petroleum hose hydraulic fluid standard
3. Definitions
3.1 Brake Hose Assembly—A brake hose equipped with end fittings for use in a brake system.
3.2 Brake Hose—A flexible conduit manufactured for use in a brake system to transmit and contain the fluid
pressure medium used to apply force to the vehicle's brakes.
3.3 Brake Hose End Fitting—A coupling, other than a clamp, designed for attachment to the end of a brake hose.
3.4 Permanently Attached End Fitting—A coupling designed for permanent attachment to the ends of a brake
hose by crimping or swaging.
3.5 Free Length—The linear measurement of brake hose exposed between the end fittings of a brake hose
assembly while maintained in a straight position.
3.6 Leaks, Burst—The loss of test fluid from the brake hose assembly other than by the designed inlet(s) and
outlet(s).
3.7 Cracking—The interruption of a surface due to environment and/or stress.
3.8 Hose Internal Diameter—A dimensional description of the nominal inside diameter that is printed on the hose
cover.  This dimension is to be used to calculate the gage size for the constriction test.
EXAMPLE—3 mm
4. Performance Tests—Performance tests for hydraulic brake hose assemblies include all of the tests listed in
Table 1.  These tests shall be conducted on each I.D. size and type1 from each hose manufacturer.  A change
in hose construction, that is, a change in material or a change in the manufacturing method, shall require a
complete performance test.  Accordingly, each coupler shall conduct the performance test on each coupling
crimp design for each hose construction.  A change of coupling crimp design shall require a complete
performance test.  Variations that do not influence the integrity of the hose coupling joint, such as variation in
thread size, port dimensions, hex size, and the like, shall not be considered new design.  The sample sizes
listed in Table 1 represent minimums for validation of a production process.  The manufacturer of the hydraulic
brake hose assembly is responsible for conducting appropriate design verification exercises and for controlling
the production processes such that any hose assembly provided for sale or use on a vehicle will be capable of
meeting the performance requirements listed in Section 5 when subjected to the tests listed in Table 1,
performed per the procedures and conditions described in 4.1 and 4.2.
1. Various reinforcing cord(s) and/or elastomer(s).SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.1 Test Conditions—The assemblies for each performance test shall be new and unused and shall be at least
24 h old.  The last 4 h prior to testing shall be at a temperature of 15 to 32 °C (60 to 90 °F).  Prior to installation
of the hose assembly on a whip or cold bend test, all external appendages such as mounting brackets, spring
guards, and metal collars shall be removed or long tubes shortened, or both.  The temperature of the testing
room shall be between 15 and 32 °C (60 and 90 °F) for all tests except brake fluid compatibility, cold bend, hot
impulse, ozone, dynamic ozone, salt spray, and water absorption.  SAE Referee Brake Fluid, RM 66-04,
should be used for all tests requiring brake fluid.  Different test results may be obtained using different fluids.
4.2 Test Procedures
4.2.1 100% PRESSURE TEST—The hose assembly shall be subject to a pressure test, using inert gas, air, water, or
brake fluid as a pressure medium.  Brake fluid shall meet SAE J1703/J1705.  The test pressure shall be
10.3 MPa (1500 psi) minimum, 14.5 MPa (2100 psi) maximum for inert gas and air and 20.7 MPa (3000 psi)
minimum, 24.8 MPa (3600 psi) maximum for water and nonpetroleum-base hydraulic brake fluid.  Special
care should be taken when gas or air is used.  Under the pressure specified, gas or air is explosive if a failure
should occur in the hose or hose assembly.  The pressure shall be held for not less than 10 nor more than
25 s.
4.2.2 CONSTRICTION TEST—For qualification and lab testing, the constriction of the hose assemblies shall be
measured with a gage plug as shown in Figure 1.
Hold the assembly vertically at the fitting and insert the “A” diameter portion of the constriction gage into the
end of the fitting.  Allow the gage to drop of its own weight for the full length of the probe.  The time required
for the gage to drop shall not exceed 5s.  Repeat this step for the other end of the brake hose assembly.
TABLE 1—HYDRAULIC BRAKE HOSE ASSEMBLY PERFORMANCE TEST SUMMARY(1)
1. When the hose assembly configurations make it impractical to conduct tests such as tensile, whip, and constriction,
hose assemblies produced from equivalent type end fittings, production type equipment, and processes must be used
to make the substitute brake hose assemblies.
Sample Size Performance Test
Test Procedure
(paragraph)
Performance Requirement
(paragraph)
    All 100% Pressure Test 4.2.1 5.1
   All
(2)
2. Four brake hose assemblies may be used if assemblies must be cut to conduct constriction tests.
Constriction 4.2.2 5.2
4 Volumetric Expansion 4.2.3 5.3
Followed by Burst 4.2.4 5.4
4 Brake Fluid Compatibility 4.2.5 5.5
4 Whip 4.2.6 5.6
4 Tensile 4.2.7 5.7
1 Cold Bend 4.2.8 5.8
1 Ozone 4.2.9 5.9
1 Salt Spray 4.2.10 5.10
Water Absorption 4.2.11 5.11
4   Burst
4   Whip
4   Tensile
4 Hot Impulse 4.2.12 5.12
4 Dynamic Ozone 4.2.13 5.13
 39 Total SamplesSAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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FIGURE 1—GAGE PLUG FOR TESTING CONSTRICTION OF BORE OF HOSE ASSEMBLY
The design of some fittings makes it impossible to insert the gage plug externally.  For these assemblies,
insert a special elongated gage plug into the opposite fitting and pass the probe through the hose, into and
through the crimped area of the fitting being tested.  If the gage plug becomes misaligned at the entrance to
the second fitting, it may be necessary to align the hose to allow the plug gage to pass through.  The special
gage plug shall meet all the requirements of Figure 1, with the exception of the 76 mm (3 in) length, which
must be increased appropriately so that its tip will extend past the hose opening.
Some brake hose assemblies have fittings on both ends, brackets, and/or center fittings that cannot be
entered with a gage plug.  Cut these assemblies 50 mm ± 3 mm (2 in ± 0.1 in) from the end of the fitting and
then test with the plug gage.  (Reference Table 1, footnote 2).
4.2.3 VOLUMETRIC EXPANSION TEST—The expansion test is designed to measure, by fluid displacement, the
volumetric expansion of the free length of assembled hydraulic brake hose when subjected to specified
internal pressures.  Water or SAE Referee Brake Fluid RM 66-04 should be used as a pressure medium.
4.2.3.1 If the specimen used in this test has been subjected to a pressure above 20 MPa (2900 psi) using any
medium prior to this test, allow it to recover for 15 min.
4.2.3.2 Carefully thread the hose assembly into the adapters designed to seal in the same manner as in actual
use.  Do not twist.  Maintain the hose in a vertical, straight position, without tension, while under pressure.
4.2.3.3 Bleed all the air from the system by allowing approximately 0.25 L (0.5 pt) of brake fluid or water to flow
through the hose assembly and into the buret.  Removal of air bubbles may be facilitated by moving the
hose back and forth.  Close the valve to the buret and apply 20.0 MPa +0, -0.14 MPa (2900 psi +0, -20
psi) to the hose assembly.  Within 10 s, inspect the hose assembly for leaks at the connections and then
release the pressure completely in the hose.  Adjust the brake fluid or water level in the buret to zero.  With
the valve to the buret closed, apply 6.9 MPa +0, -0.14 MPa (1000 psi +0, -20 psi) to hose assembly and
seal this pressure in the hose within 5 s ± 3 s.  Within 3 s, open the valve to the buret for 10 s +3, -0 s and
allow the brake fluid or water level in the expanded hose to rise in the buret.  The brake fluid or water level
in the buret should be constant within that time period.
4.2.3.4 Repeat the preceding step two times, so the amount of brake fluid or water in the buret will be the total of
the three expansions.  Measure this buret reading to the nearest 0.05 cm3.
4.2.3.5 The volumetric expansion is calculated by dividing the buret reading by three and subtracting the
calibration factor.  This figure divided by the free length in meters (feet) will give the volumetric expansion
per meter (feet) of hose.SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.2.3.6 Readjust the brake fluid or water level in the buret to zero as previously stated and repeat the procedure to
obtain the expansion at pressures of 10.3 MPa +0, -0.14 MPa (1500 psi +0, -20 psi) and 20 MPa +0,
–0.14 MPa (2900 psi +0, –20 psi.)  If the pressure in the hose should inadvertently be raised to a value
above that specified, but not above 24 MPa (3500 psi), completely release the pressure and allow the hose
to recover for at least 15 min and then repeat the test.  If the hose was subjected to a pressure above
24 MPa (3500 psi), repeat the test using a new brake hose.  If at any time during the test an air bubble
flows out of the hose, repeat the test after allowing at least 3 min for the hose to recover.
4.2.3.7 Test Apparatus—Test apparatus shall consist essentially of the following:
a. A source for required fluid pressures, test fluid consisting of brake fluid or water without any additives
and free of air or gas bubbles.
b. A reservoir for pressure gages, fittings where the hose assembly may be mounted vertically for
application of pressure under controlled conditions.
c. A graduated buret with 0.05 cm3 increments for measuring the volume of liquid corresponding to the
expansion of the hose under pressure.
d. Plumbing hardware as required.
All piping and connections shall be smooth bore without recesses or offsets so all air may be freely
removed from the system before running each test.  Valves shall be capable of withstanding pressures
involved without leakage.  See Figure 2.
FIGURE 2—EXPANSION TEST APPARATUS
4.2.3.8 Calibration of Apparatus—The apparatus shall be tested prior to use to determine its calibration correction
factors.  These correction factors should be established at pressures of 6.9, 10.3, and 20 MPa (1000,
1500, and 2900 psi) using an assembly, which shall consist, for example, of 1.52 mm (0.060 in) minimum
wall, hydraulic steel tubing with a free length of 305 mm ± 6 mm (12 in ± 0.2 in), and 6.3 mm (0.25 in)
outside diameter.  All fittings and adapters used in testing of the assembly shall be in this system.  This
may require the attachment of the tubing to the brake hose fittings in the case of special end
configurations.  The calibration correction factors shall be subtracted from the expansion readings
obtained on the test specimens.  The maximum permissible calibration correction factor shall be 0.08 cm3
at 10.3 MPa (1500 psi).SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.2.4 BURST STRENGTH TEST—Connect the specimen to the pressure system and fill completely with water or SAE
Referee Brake Fluid RM 66-04, allowing all air to escape.  Removal of air bubbles may be facilitated by
moving the hose back and forth.  Apply 27.6 MPa +0, -1.4 MPa (4000 psi +0, -200 psi) pressure at the rate
specified in 4.2.4.1 and hold for 2 min +0, -10 s.  At the expiration of this hold period, increase the pressure
at 172.5 MPa/min ± 69 MPa/min (25 000 psi/min ± 10 000 psi/min) until the hose bursts.  Read the maximum
pressure obtained on the calibrated gage to the nearest 1 MPa (100 psi) and record as the bursting strength
of the hose assembly.
4.2.4.1 Test Apparatus—The apparatus shall consist of a suitable pressure system where hose is connected so
that controlled and measured fluid pressure may be applied internally.  The pressure shall be obtained by
means of a hand- or power-driven pump or an accumulator system and it shall be measured with a cali-
brated gage.  Provision shall be made for filling the hose with water or brake fluid and allowing all air to
escape through a relief valve prior to application of pressure.  This is important as a safety measure.  The
hold and burst pressures shall be applied at a rate increase of 172.5 MPa/min ± 69 MPa/min (25 000 psi/
min ± 10 000 psi/min).  Since this type of hose withstands a minimum bursting pressure of 49 MPa
(7000 psi) for 3.2 mm (1/8 in) and 34.5 MPa (5000 psi) for 4.8 mm (3/16 in), care must be taken that all pip-
ing, valves, and fittings are sufficiently rugged and adapted to high-pressure work.  The apparatus described
for the expansion test may be used when it conforms to these requirements.
4.2.5 BRAKE FLUID COMPATIBILITY, CONSTRICTION, AND BURST STRENGTH TEST
4.2.5.1 Attach a hose assembly or a manifold to which multiple hose assemblies may be attached, below a 0.5 L
(1 pt) can reservoir filled with 100 mL of SAE Referee Brake Fluid, SAE RM 66-04 (see Figure 3).
FIGURE 3—BRAKE FLUID COMPATIBILITY APPARATUSSAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.2.5.2 Fill the hose assembly with SAE Referee Brake Fluid RM 66-04, seal the lower end, and place the test
assembly in a vertical position in an oven.
4.2.5.3 Condition the hose assembly at 120 °C +5, -0 °C (248 °F +9, -0 °F) for 70 to 72 h.
4.2.5.4 After completion of the heat aging period, remove the hose assembly and cool at room temperature for
30 min ± 5 min.
4.2.5.5 Drain the brake hose assembly, and within 10 min, determine, per 4.2.2, that every applicable diameter of
the hose assembly is not less than shown in Figure 1.
4.2.5.6 The brake hose assembly shall be burst within 3 h using the test specified in 4.2.4.
4.2.6 WHIP TEST
4.2.6.1 Measure the free length of the hose assembly with the assembly in a vertical position with a mass of 567 g
± 3 g (20 oz ± 0.1 oz) attached to one end.  Use a vernier caliper scale or equivalent and report the length
between fittings to within a tolerance of 0.5 mm (0.02 in).
4.2.6.2 Equip the nonrotating header to permit attachment of each assembly with individual adjustment for length.
When mounted in the whip test machine (see Figure 4), the projected length of the hose assembly shall be
less than the free length by the amount indicated as slack in Table 2 (see Figure 5).
FIGURE 4—WHIP TEST MACHINE
TABLE 2—WHIP TEST SLACK SETTING
Internal Diameter
mm (in)
Free Length
mm (in)
Slack Length
mm (in)
3.5 mm or less 200 to 400 (8 to 15-1/2) incl 44.45 ± 0.40 (1.750 ± 0.015)
(1/8 in or less) Over 400 to 480 (15-1/2 to 19) incl 31.75 ± 0.40 (1.250 ± 0.015)
Over 480 to 600 (19 to 24) incl 19.05 ± 0.40 (0.750 ± 0.015)
4 to 5 mm (3/16 in) 250 to 400 (10 to 15-1/2) incl 25.40 ± 0.40 (1.000 ± 0.015)SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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FIGURE 5—TYPICAL WHIP TEST SLACK SETTING FIXTURE
4.2.6.3 Since the whip test results are very sensitive to error in setting this length, the projected length on the
machine shall be within the limits specified.  Take the projected length parallel to the axis of the rotating
head.
4.2.6.4 Install the test specimen assemblies in the apparatus without any twist.  Apply the water pressure and
bleed all hose and passages to eliminate air pockets or bubbles.  Start the motor rotating the movable
head.  Periodically check the rpm.  Failure of the specimen by water leakage and subsequent loss of
pressure terminates the test.  Note the elapsed time of the test prior to termination.
4.2.6.5 Test Apparatus—The test apparatus shall provide the same motion to the specimens as the following: a
movable header consisting of a horizontal bar mounted at each end on vertically rotating disks through
bearings with centers placed 101.6 mm (4 in) from the disk centers, and an adjustable stationary header
parallel to the movable header in the same horizontal plane as the centers of the disks.  Each header is
provided with end connections in which the hose assemblies are mounted in a parallel manner.  The disks
are revolved at a speed of 800 rpm ± 10 rpm, whereby the hose ends fastened to the moving header are
rotated at this speed through a circle 203.20 mm ± 0.25 mm (8.000 in ± 0.010 in) in diameter, while the
opposite hose ends remain stationary.  The end connections on the movable header are tightly capped,
while those on the stationary header are open to a manifold through which water pressure is supplied by a
suitable means.  The hose assemblies are subjected during testing to a constant water pressure, which
shall be maintained between 1.55 and 1.72 MPa (225 and 250 psi).  A limit switch shall be used to stop the
machine when the water pressure drops, as in the case of hose failure, since it is essential that the
machine stop if the pressure drops.  An elapsed time indicator shall be provided.SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.2.7 TENSILE TEST—Apply an increasing tension load such that the moving head of the testing machine travels at
a speed as indicated in Table 3 until the hose assembly fails.  Record the total load at the time of failure, the
type of failure, and the separation rate.
4.2.7.1 Test Apparatus—A tension testing machine conforming to the requirements of ISO R147 shall be used for
the tensile test of the hose assembly.  The machine shall be provided with a recording device to give the
total pull in Newtons (pounds) at the conclusion of the test.  A machine of 4.5 kN (1000 lbf) will be found
suitable.  The specimen shall be held so that the hose fittings have a straight centerline corresponding to
the direction of the machine pull.
4.2.8 COLD BEND TEST—Condition the hose (in a straight position) and a mandrel of the diameter specified as
follows, in air at -45 to -48 °C (-50 to -55 °F) for 70 to 72 h.  Then while still at this temperature, bend the
hose at least 180 degrees around the mandrel at a steady rate in a period of 3 to 5 s.
4.2.8.1 Examine the cover of the brake hose with a naked eye for cracks or breaks.
4.2.8.2 Test Apparatus—The mandrel diameter shall be 76.2 mm +1, -0 mm (3 in +0.04, -0 in) for 3.5 mm or less
(1/8 in or less) hose and 88.9 mm +1, -0 mm (3.50 in +0.04, -0 in) for 4 to 5 mm (3/16 in) hose.
4.2.9 OZONE TEST
4.2.9.1 Bend a brake hose around a cylinder, the diameter of which shall be eight times the nominal outside
diameter of the brake hose, and bind the ends.  The cylinder and binding shall be made of metal or
materials that prevent the consumption of ozone.  If the hose collapses when bent around the cylinder,
provide for internal support of the hose.
4.2.9.2 Condition the hose on the cylinder for 24 h ± 0.5 h at room temperature, and then place it in an exposure
chamber containing air mixed with ozone at the ozone partial pressure of 100 mPa ± 5 mPa (100 parts of
ozone/100 million parts of air by volume ± 5 parts of ozone/100 million parts of air by volume) for 70 to
72 h.  Ambient air temperature in chamber during test shall be 40 °C ± 3 °C (104  °F ± 5  °F).
4.2.9.3 Examine the cover of the hose for cracks under 7X magnification, ignoring the areas immediately adjacent
to or within the area covered by the binding.
4.2.10 SALT SPRAY TEST
4.2.10.1 Test Apparatus—Utilize the apparatus described in ASTM B 117 Appendix B.  Construct the salt spray
chamber so that:
4.2.10.1.1 The construction material does not affect the corrosiveness of the fog.
4.2.10.1.2 The hose assembly is supported or suspended between 15 and 30 degrees from the vertical and within
the principal plane of the horizontal flow of fog through the chamber.
4.2.10.1.3 The hose assembly does not contact any metallic material or any material capable of acting as a wick.
4.2.10.1.4 Condensation, which falls from the assembly, does not return to the solution reservoir for respraying.
TABLE 3—TENSILE SEPARATION RATE AND MINIMUM LOAD
Internal Diameter
Separation Rate
mm/min (in/min)
Minimum Load
N (lb)
All Internal Diameters 25 ± 3 (1 ± 0.1) 1446 (325)
All Internal Diameters 50 ± 3 (2 ± 0.1) 1646 (370)SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.2.10.1.5 Condensation from any source does not fall on the brake hose assemblies or the solution collectors.
4.2.10.1.6 Spray from the nozzles is not directed onto the hose assembly.
4.2.10.2 Test Preparation
4.2.10.2.1 Mix a salt solution 5 parts ± 1 part by weight of sodium chloride to 95 parts of distilled water, using
sodium chloride substantially free of nickel and copper, and containing on a dry basis not more than
0.1% of sodium iodide and not more than 0.3% total impurities.  Ensure that the solution is free of
suspended solids before the solution is atomized.
4.2.10.2.2 After atomization at 35 °C +1, -2 °C (95 °F +1.8, -3.6 °F) ensure that the collected solution is in the pH
range of 6.5 to 7.2.  Make the pH measurements at 25 °C ± 3 °C (77 °F ± 5 °F).
4.2.10.2.3 Maintain a compressed air supply to the nozzle free of oil and dirt and between 68.9 and 172.4 kPa
(10 and 25 psi).
4.2.10.3 Plug each end of the hose assembly.
4.2.10.4 Subject the brake hose assembly to the salt spray continually for 24 h +0.2, -0 h.
4.2.10.5 Regulate the mixture so that each collector will collect from 1 to 2 mL (0.06 to 0.12 in3) of solution per hour
for each 80 cm2 (12.4 in2) of horizontal collecting area.
4.2.10.6 Maintain exposure zone temperature at 35 °C ± 2 °C (95 °F ± 4 °F).
4.2.10.7 Upon completion, remove the salt deposit from the surface of the hoses by washing gently or dipping in
clean running water, not warmer than 37 °C (98.6 °F) and then drying with air within 2 min.
4.2.10.8 Examine the brake hose end fitting for base metal corrosion and record results.
4.2.11 WATER ABSORPTION TESTS
4.2.11.1 Immerse brake hose assemblies in water heated at 85 °C ± 2 °C (185 °F ± 3.6 °F) for a period of 70 to 72 h.
4.2.11.2 Remove the brake hose assemblies from the water and allow 25 min ± 5 min before starting the burst test
in 4.2.4, the tensile test in 4.2.7, and the whip test in 4.2.6.
4.2.12 HOT IMPULSE TEST
4.2.12.1 Test Equipment
a. Pressure Cycling Apparatus—The pressure cycling apparatus shall be capable of applying a pressure
of 11 MPa (1600 psi).  It shall have automatic control of the time for the pressure apply/release cycle.
b. Circulating Air Oven—An insulated circulating air oven with a suitable thermostatically controlled
heating system is required to maintain a temperature of 146 °C ± 3 °C (295 °F ± 5 °F).
c. Pressure Hold and Burst Strength Test Apparatus—An apparatus conforming to the requirements
described in 4.2.4.1.
4.2.12.2 Connect the hose assemblies to the pressure cycling apparatus.
4.2.12.3 Fill the pressure cycling apparatus and hose assemblies with SAE Referee Brake Fluid RM 66-04, and
bleed free of air.SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.2.12.4 Place the assemblies in the circulating air oven, and within 30 min attain an oven temperature of 146 °C ±
3 °C (295 °F ± 5 °F).
4.2.12.5 Subject the assemblies to a cycling internal pressure of 11 MPa +0.5, -0 MPa (1600 psi +75, -0 psi) for
1 min ± 0.1 min and 0 pressure for 1 min ± 0.1 min; pressures to be attained within 2 s.
4.2.12.6 Pressure cycle assemblies for 150 cycles minimum.
4.2.12.7 Remove the assemblies from the oven.  Disconnect the assemblies from the impulse apparatus, and drain
the fluid.
4.2.12.8 Cool the assemblies in air at room temperature for 45 min minimum.
4.2.12.9 Subject the assemblies to the burst test in 4.2.4.
4.2.13 DYNAMIC OZONE TEST
4.2.13.1 Test Apparatus—Brake hose cut lengths of 218 mm ± 3 mm (8.6 in ± 0.1 in), SAE dynamic ozone test
apparatus that will flex the brake hose as shown in Figure 6 and the ozone test chamber.
FIGURE 6—DYNAMIC OZONE FLEX PARAMETERS
4.2.13.2 Precondition all the brake hose samples in a nonstressed condition at 27 °C ± 6 °C (80 °F ± 10 °F) for at
least 24 h prior to the start of the test.SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
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4.2.13.3 Assemble the brake hose samples on the SAE dynamic ozone test apparatus so that they meet the relative
position and flex parameters as shown in Figure 6.  Install the brake hose over the fixture pins until the hose
has bottomed out.  Use band clamps to securely retain the brake hose on the pin.  Install the test apparatus
and assembled hoses in a stabilized ozone chamber.  The chamber shall contain air mixed with ozone at
the ozone partial pressure of 100 mPa ± 10 mPa (100 parts of ozone per 100 million parts of air by volume
± 10 parts of ozone per 100 million parts of air by volume.)  The air temperature in the chamber shall be
40 °C ± 3 °C (104 °F ± 5 °F).
4.2.13.4 Start cycling when the chamber reaches the specified ozone concentration but no later than 1 h after
putting the test apparatus in the ozone chamber.  The flex rate shall be 0.30 Hz ± 0.05 Hz.  The stroke
shall be 76.2 mm ± 2.5 mm (3.0 in ± 0.1 in).
4.2.13.5 Examine the hoses for ozone cracks every 24 h ± 1 h.  Remove the fixture from the cabinet and close the
door immediately.  Inspect for ozone cracks visible to the eye without magnification at the worst stress
condition ignoring the areas immediately adjacent to or within the area covered by the band clamps.  Do
not remove the hoses from the fixture.  Reinstall the fixture in the cabinet within 15 min of its removal.  The
test shall be run continuously except for the daily inspection periods.  Inspection periods may be eliminated
on non-work days if determined to be not critical.
4.2.13.6 Stop test when ozone cracks are observed.  Record the hose identification and the number of days that
elapsed until the first visible crack was observed.
5. Performance Requirements
5.1 100% Pressure Test—Hose assemblies showing leaks under this test shall be rejected and destroyed.
5.2 Constriction Test—Hose assemblies not allowing passage of the gage plug shall be rejected and destroyed.
The constriction requirement does not apply to that part of the brake hose end fitting which does not contain
hose.
5.3 Volumetric Expansion Test—The maximum expansion of any of the hose assemblies tested shall not
exceed the values in Table 4.
5.4 Burst Test—When tested under hydraulic pressure, each sample of hose shall withstand a 2 min pressure
hold at 27.6 MPa (4000 psi), and shall have a minimum burst pressure of 49 MPa (7000 psi) for 3.5 mm or less
(1/8 in or less) hose, and 34.5 MPa (5000 psi) for 4 to 5 mm (3/16 in) hose.
5.5 Brake Fluid Compatibility Test—The hydraulic brake hose assembly shall meet the constriction requirement
(4.2), and there shall be no leakage during a 2 min, 27.6 MPa (4000 psi) pressure hold, and the assembly shall
not burst at less than 34.5 MPa (5000 psi).
5.6 Whip Test—The minimum life of any one of the sample hose assemblies on the flexing machine shall be 35 h.
TABLE 4—MAXIMUM EXPANSION OF FREE LENGTH HOSE
Hose ID
Test Pressure
6.9 MPa
(1000 psi)
Low
Expansion
Hose
Test Pressure
6.9 MPa
(1000 psi)
Regular
Expansion
Hose
Test Pressure
10.3 MPa
(1500 psi)
Low
Expansion
Hose
Test Pressure
10.3 MPa
(1500 psi)
Regular
Expansion
Hose
Test Pressure
20.0 MPa
(2900 psi)
Low
Expansion
Hose
Test Pressure
20.0 MPa
(2900 psi)
Regular
Expansion
Hose
3.5 mm or less (1/8 in or less) 1.08 cm3/m
(0.33 cm3/ft)
2.17 cm3/m
(0.66 cm3/ft)
1.38 cm3/m
(0.42 cm3/ft)
2.59 cm3/m
(0.79 cm3/ft)
2.0 cm3/m
(0.61 cm3/ft)
4.0 cm3/m
(1.21 cm3/ft)
4 to 5 mm (3/16 in) 1.81 cm3/m
(0.55 cm3/ft)
2.82 cm3/m
(0.86 cm3/ft)
2.36 cm3/m
(0.72 cm3/ft)
3.35 cm3/m
(1.02 cm3/ft)
3.0 cm3/m
(0.91 cm3/ft)
5.5 cm3/m
(1.67 cm3/ft)SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
-13-
5.7 Tensile Test—The hose assembly shall withstand the minimum load listed in Table 3 without the end fittings
pulling off or rupture of the hose.
5.8 Cold Bend Test—The hose cover shall not crack (visible without magnification) or break.
5.9 Ozone Test—The outer cover of the hose shall show no cracking when examined under 7X magnification.
5.10 Salt Spray Test—The hose assembly end connections shall have no base metal corrosion.  The area of the
fitting where crimping or the application of labeling information has caused the displacement of the protective
coating is exempt from the corrosion requirements.  Brass fittings have adequate corrosion resistance;
therefore, salt spray testing of brass fittings is not required.
5.11 Water Absorption Tests—Water conditioned hose assemblies shall pass all burst (5.4), whip (5.6), and
tensile (5.7) requirements as outlined for nonaged brake hose assemblies.
5.12 Hot Impulse Test
5.12.1 The hose assemblies shall withstand impulsing for 150 cycles without leakage.
5.12.2 There shall be no leakage during a 2 min, 27.6 MPa (4000 psi) pressure hold.
5.12.3 The assembly shall not burst at less than 34.5 MPa (5000 psi).
5.13 Dynamic Ozone Test—The hose shall not crack after testing a minimum of 48 h.
6. Construction
6.1 Hose—The hose shall consist of an elastomeric inner tube, two or more layers of reinforcing cord imbedded in
and/or bonded to the elastomeric inner tube and outer cover.  The cover must be a black stock, free from sulfur
bloom, which will not crack when subjected to long periods of weather aging.  The inner tube of this hose must
be a stock which will effectively resist deterioration by nonpetroleum-base hydraulic brake fluids as designated
in Section 1.
6.2 Hose Assembly—Each hydraulic brake hose assembly shall have permanently attached brake hose end
fittings.
7. Hose Identification—The brake hose of each manufacturer shall be identified by one or more colored yarns
incorporated into the construction.  Embossed or imprinted (3-dimensional) marking on the brake hose cover
may be used in lieu of marker yarn identification.
NOTE—The R.M.A.
2 approved marker yarn color and the name trademark on cover designations for each
brake hose manufacturer shall be registered with SAE.
8. Notes
8.1 Marginal Indicia—The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating
areas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report.  An (R) symbol to the left
of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.
PREPARED BY THE SAE AUTOMOTIVE BRAKE AND STEERING HOSE STANDARDS COMMITTEE
2. Rubber Manufacturers Association, 1400 K Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20005.SAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
-14-
APPENDIX A
HOSE MANUFACTURER IDENTIFICATION CODE-COLORED YARN ASSIGNMENTS
AS OF DECEMBER 1998
TABLE A1—HOSE MANUFACTURER IDENTIFICATION CODE-COLORED YARN ASSIGNMENTS
Line
Number
New
Yarn Color
Code
Year
Assigned Assignments
1 Yellow * The BF Goodrich Co., Akron, Ohio (Hose business terminated 1987)
2 Green * The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio
3 Red *
4 Black * General Motors Corp., Delco Products Division, Dayton, Ohio
5 Blue 1978 Goodall Rubber Co., Trenton, New Jersey (formerly Line 23)
6 Brown * Aeroquip Corp., Van Wert, Ohio
7 Violet 1959 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio
8 Orange 1959 Dayco Products, Inc., Dayton, Ohio
9 Yellow Green 1972 Compagnie des Produits Industriels de l'Ouest, Nantes, France
10 Yellow Red
11 Yellow Black 1959 Continental Gummi-Werke A.G., Hannover, F.R. Germany
12 Yellow Blue
13 Yellow Brown 1959 Plumley Rubber Co., Paris, Tennessee
14 Yellow Violet 1979 Avon Industrial Polymers, Trowbridge, Wilshire, England
15 Yellow Orange 1981 Buckeye Rubber Products, Inc., Lima, Ohio
16 Green Red 1950 Thermoid/HBD Industries, Inc., Bellefontaine, Ohio
formerly Thermoid Inc., Division of H.K. Porter Co.
17 Green Black 1950 The Gates Rubber Co., Denver, Colorado
18 Green Blue 1950 Crown Products Co., Ralston, Nebraska
19 Green Brown 1968 Toyota Gosei Co., Ltd., Aichi Pref., Japan
20 Green Violet 1981 Garrett Flexible Products Inc., Garrett, Indiana
21 Green Orange 1983 Citla, S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
22 Red Black * Uniroyal, Ltd., Montreal, Canada (since 1966)
23 Red Blue Goodall Rubber Co., Trenton, New Jersey - Terminated 1978
24 Red Brown Continental Rubber Works, Erie, Pennsylvania - Terminated 1982
25 Red Violet 1983 Epton Industries, Inc., Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
26 Red Orange 1983 Stratoflex, Inc., Ft. Worth, Texas
27 Black Blue
28 Black Brown 1998 TG Pongpara Co. Ltd., Amphur Muang, Chonburi 20000
29 Black Violet 1982 Association of Automotive Engineers & Technicians (AITA), Argentina
30 Black Orange 1981 Dana Corp./Boston Industrial Products, Hohenwald, Tennessee
31 Blue Brown 1958 C.F.W. Division Simrit, Montrond Les Bains, France
32 Blue Violet 1982 Flexigom, S.A., Federal Capital, Argentina
33 Blue Orange 1982 ICEMAP Argentina S.R.L., Buenos Aires, Argentina
34 Brown Violet 1982 Farloc Argentina S.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina
35 (C) Brown Orange 1985 DUNLOP ARGENTINA S.A., Buenos Aires, ArgentinaSAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
-15-
36 Violet Orange 1981 Indomax, C.A., Caracas, Venezuela
37 Yellow Green Red
38 Yellow Green Black 1963 The Polymer Corporation, Reading, Pennsylvania
39 Yellow Green Blue
40 Yellow Green Brown 1973 Nephi Rubber Products, Inc., Nephi, Utah
41 Yellow Green Violet 1987 Insulated Duct & Cable Co., Armstrong Hose Division, Trenton, New Jersey
42 Yellow Green Orange 1989 Cadillac Rubber & Plastic, Inc., Cadillac, Michigan
43 Yellow Red Black 1985 Anchor Swan, Inc., Bucyrus, Ohio
44 (T) Yellow Red Blue 1991 Delta Rubber Products, Inc., Clarksdale, Mississippi
45 Yellow Red Brown 1977 Productos Pirelli, S.A., Barcelona, Spain
46 Yellow Red Violet 1989 Plumley Marugo, Ltd., Paris, Tennessee
47 Yellow Red Orange
48 Yellow Black Blue 1976 Manifattura Gomma Cazzaniga, Dormelleto, Italy
49 Yellow Black Brown 1976 Getoflex Metzeler Industria, Sao Paulo, Brazil
50 Yellow Black Violet
51 Yellow Black Orange 1987 H.S. Parker Co., Ltd., Kyong-Nam, Korea
52 Yellow Blue Brown 1975 Shibami Industry Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
53 Yellow Blue Violet
54 Yellow Blue Orange 1988 Morenci Engineered Rubber Products, Morenci, Michigan
55 (T) Yellow Brown Violet 1994 Mold-EX Rubber Company, Inc., Milton, Florida
56 Yellow Brown Orange
57 Yellow Violet Orange
58 Green Red Black 1973 Parker-Hannifin Corp., Wickliffe, Ohio
59 Green Red Blue 1973 General Tire & Rubber Co., Evansville, Indiana (Business sold in 1981)
60 Green Red Brown 1974 Cooper Engineered Products Division, Bowling Green, Ohio
61 (C) Green Red Violet 1991 Thermopol, Inc., Somersworth, New Hampshire
62 Green Red Orange 1991 Optimit  a.s., Odry, Czechoslovakia
63 Green Black Blue 1978 Hadbar, Division of Purosil, Inc., Monrovia, California
64 Green Black Brown 1979 Republic Hose Manufacturing Corp., Youngstown, Ohio (Terminated 1989)
65 (T) Green Black Violet 1991 Industrial de Artefatos de Borracha e Plasticos Paranoa Ltda, Sao Paulo, Brazil
66 Green Black Orange 1996 ANAND GATES (INDIA) PVT. LTD., New Delhi - 110008 (India)
67 Green Blue Brown
68 Green Blue Violet
69 (T) Green Blue Orange 1993 Teleflex Inc., Suffield, Connecticut
70 Green Brown Violet
71 Green Brown Orange
72 Green Violet Orange
73 Red Black Blue 1972 Dunlop Australia, Ltd., Victoria, Australia
74 Red Black Brown 1972 Societa Meridianale Accessori Elastomerici, Salerno, Italy
75 Red Black Violet
TABLE A1—HOSE MANUFACTURER IDENTIFICATION CODE-COLORED YARN ASSIGNMENTS (CONTINUED)
Line
Number
New
Yarn Color
Code
Year
Assigned AssignmentsSAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
-16-
76 Red Black Orange 1998 Burke Industries Inc., Purosil Division, Santa Fe Springs, California
77 Red Blue Brown 1971 Pirelli Power Transmission Corporation, Minneapolis, Minnesota
78 (T) Red Blue Violet 1996 Hutchinson, Automotive Extrusion Branch, Troy, Michigan
79 (T) Red Blue Orange 1998 Teknik Kaucuk San A.S., Istanbul-Turkey
80 Red Brown Violet 1992 No. 6 Automotive Parts Factory Qingdao, China
81 Red Brown Orange
82 Red Violet Orange
83 Black Blue Brown 1979 Semperit, Vienna, Austria
84 Black Blue Violet
85 Black Blue Orange
86 (T) Black Brown Violet 1992 Alfagomma S.p.A., San Damiano di Brugherio, Italy
87 Black Brown Orange
88 Black Violet Orange
89 Blue Brown Violet
90 Blue Brown Orange
91 (T) Blue Violet Orange 1991 Kleber Industrie, Versailles, France
92 Brown Violet Orange 1985 Tong Yang Chemical Co., Ltd., Kyoung Nam, Korea
93 Yellow Yellow Green 1972 SAIAG, Torino, Italy
94 Yellow Yellow Red 1968 Ages & Co., Torino, Italy
95 Yellow Yellow Black 1967 Meiji Rubber & Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
96 (C) Yellow Yellow Blue 1967 FTE Automotive GmbH, Ebern, Germany
97 Yellow Yellow Brown 1962 Reserve - Tecalemit Ltd., Plymouth, England
98 Yellow Yellow Violet
99 Yellow Yellow Orange
100 Green Green Yellow 1971 Dunlop Industrial Products (Pty) Ltd., Benoni, Transvaal, Africa
101 Green Green Red 1971 Moldeados Industriales, S.A., Naucalpan, Mexico
102 Green Green Black 1978 Codan Gummi A/S, Koge, Denmark
103 Green Green Blue 1970 Vincke S.A., Palamos, Spain
104 Green Green Brown
105 Green Green Violet 1969 P.B. Cow (Special Products) Ltd., Bucks, England
106 Green Green Orange
107 Red Red Yellow 1968 STOP, Freins Hydrauliques, Saint-Ouen, France
108 Red Red Green 1971 BTR Hose Ltd., Farington, Leyland, Lancs., England
109 Red Red Black 1967 The Dunlop Co., Ltd. Polymer Engineering Div., Leicester, England
110 Red Red Blue 1962 Tecalemit Pty. Ltd., Finsbury, S. Australia
111 Red Red Brown 1962 Tecalon Brasileria de Autopecas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
112 Red Red Violet 1987 Tubex Australia Pty. Ltd., Bayswater, Victoria, Australia
113 Red Red Orange 1985 First Trust Industrial Corp., Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
114 Black Black Yellow
115 Black Black Green 1969 Dunlop India Ltd., Calcutta, India
TABLE A1—HOSE MANUFACTURER IDENTIFICATION CODE-COLORED YARN ASSIGNMENTS (CONTINUED)
Line
Number
New
Yarn Color
Code
Year
Assigned AssignmentsSAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
-17-
116 Black Black Red 1962 Deutsche Tecalemit G.M.B.H., Bielefeld, Germany
117 Black Black Blue 1962 Tecalemit S.A., Paris, France
118 Black Black Brown
119 Black Black Violet
120 Black Black Orange
121 Blue Blue Yellow 1967 Nichirin Rubber Industrial Company, Ltd., Kobe, Japan
122 Blue Blue Green 1970 Nelson Stokes Ltd., Camelford, Cornwall, England
123 Blue Blue Red 1962 Tecamec Limited, Plymouth, Devon, England
124 Blue Blue Black 1961 Imperial Eastman Div., Manitowoc, WI
125 Blue Blue Brown 1959 Mundener Gummiwerk GmbH, Hann, Munden, Germany
126 Blue Blue Violet 1988 Dunlop Metaloflex Industrial Ltda., Sao Paulo, Brazil
127 Blue Blue Orange 1985 Companhia Saad do Brazil, Sao Paulo, Brazil
128 Brown Brown Yellow 1962 Reserve - Tecalemit Ltd., Plymouth, England
129 Brown Brown Green 1970 Hitachi Cable Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
130 Brown Brown Red 1962 Tecalemit (India) Ltd., Calcutta, India
131 Brown Brown Black 1962 Tecalemit Italia, Turin, Italy
132 (C) Brown Brown Blue 1987 Pirelli Sistemi Antivibranti SpA, Settimo Torinese, Italy
133 (T) Brown Brown Violet 1998 LG Cable Co. Ltd., Kumi City, Kyeong-Buk South-Korea
134 (T) Brown Brown Orange 1991 F.H. Flexiveis Hidraulicos Ind. Ecom. Ltda., Sao Paulo, Brazil
135 (T) Violet Violet Yellow 1996 Technomeiji Rubber SDN, BHD., Maylasia
136 Violet Violet Green 1996 Teklas, Istanbul Turklye
137 (T) Violet Violet Red 1996 Philatron International, Santa Fe Springs, California
138 Violet Violet Black 1997
139 Violet Violet Blue 1998 Hutchings Hose Products, Inc., Sanford, Florida
140 Violet Violet Brown 1998 Brakes India Limited, Padi, Chennai
141 Violet Violet Orange
142 Orange Orange Yellow
143 Orange Orange Green
144 Orange Orange Red
145 Orange Orange Black
146 Orange Orange Blue
147 Orange Orange Brown
148 Orange Orange Violet
* Exact assignment date unknown, prior to 1950
(C) Change in entry since last edition
(T) Tentative assignment
NOTE—The information shown in this publication is based on the best information available to the RMA.  No claims are made as to the
  completeness or currency of the information shown.
TABLE A1—HOSE MANUFACTURER IDENTIFICATION CODE-COLORED YARN ASSIGNMENTS (CONTINUED)
Line
Number
New
Yarn Color
Code
Year
Assigned AssignmentsSAE J1401 Revised SEP1999
Rationale—SAE J1401 specifies the requirements of hydraulic brake hose assemblies as used in the braking
system of road vehicles.  Updating the specification to reflect addtional requirements is directly related to
the increased operating conditions placed upon the brake hose assembly.  The SAE Hydraulic Brake
Hose Working Panel believes that the following changes should be incorporated into SAE J1041:
a. Change the referee fluid to RM 66-04.  The new fluid is a more contemporary mixture of fluids and
the current fluid RM 66-03 is no longer available.
b. Change the nominal internal diameter requirements to provide a range of dimensions.  Currently the
nominal internal diameter is restricted to exact sizes with no ranges.  Changing the specification to
include a range of internal diameters would allow for variations in hose construction to meet certain
specifications or manufacturing conditions.
c. Include volumetric expansion requirements at 20 MPa pressure.  This requirement is needed
because of increasing system pressures and increased requirements for better hydraulic brake
system performance.
d. Incorporate a 20 to 30 min time delay in the Water Absorption Test before the burst, tensile, and
whip tests.  This time is needed to stablize the hose at room temperature and provide test
consistency.
e. Change the current Constriction Test to add gage weight and drop time requirements.
f. Update tables, figures, and language as needed.
Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.
Application—This SAE Standard specifies the performance tests and requirements for hydraulic brake hose
assemblies used in the hydraulic braking system of a road vehicle.  It also specifies the methods used for
identification of the hose manufacturer.
This document applies to brake hose assemblies made of a hose fabricated from yarn and natural or
synthetic elastomers and assembled with metal end fittings for use with nonpetroleum-base brake fluids
as specified in SAE J1703 and SAE J1705.
The nominal internal diameter of the brake hose shall fall within one of the following values:
a. 3.5 mm or less (1/8 in or less)
b. 4 to 5 mm (3/16 in)
Reference Section
SAE J1288—Packaging, Storage, and Shelf Life of Hydraulic Brake Hose Assemblies
SAE J1406—Application of Hydraulic Brake Hose to Motor Vehicles
SAE J1703—Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid
SAE J1705—Low Water Tolerant Brake Fluids
ASTM B 117—Method of Salt Spray (Fog) Testing
ISO R147—Load calibration of testing machines for tensile testing of steel
ISO 3996—Hydraulic brake hose assemblies—Non-petroleum hose hydraulic fluid standard
Developed by the SAE Automotive Brake and Steering Hose Standards Committee5036